Pulsator for milking machines and the like



May 6, 1930.

Filed Feb. l, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet "1 aiq Na 0 645 n M mw 9 G 6 I w 3 Nb1 4 g Q a 9A V 42 P4, f/ 5 7 0 fi a w w W 6 3 WW. 9

May 6, 1930.

G. E. JONSS'ON 1,757,198

PULSATOR FOR MILKING MACHINES AND THE LIKE Filed Feb. 1, 1929 2Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. G E JONSSON- y mas.

5 uum, vwhereby the pressure difference needed Patented May 6, 1930 vUNITED- sir-Ares PATENT mes GUSTAI EMIL Jonssori, or'HALMs'rAn, SWEDENrutsnron iron MiLKIZN'G Miicnmns AND THE LIKE Application fildre'bruar1, 1929. Serial No. 336,769.

The present invention relates to pulsators for use in connection withapparatus driven by a fluid pressure difi'erence, for instancemilking-machine's driven by means of vacfor the continuous operation ofthe machine is established between said vacuum and the atmosphericpressure. It is to be understood", however, that the, invention is notlimited to m pulsators of this kind, and any pressure differencewhatever may be used for the actu ation' of the same.

The mainobject of the invention is to provide for an effective shuttingoii of the higher pressure by means of the valve: members forming a partof the pulsator and generally to increase the; reliability of functionby simpler means of construction, whereby the reversal ofthe valves isperformed by the intermediary of a spring pressure acting alternately onboth of the valves throughout the whole closing periods of the same. 7

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Fig.I shows thepulsat'orseen from above after removal ofthe top closing.cap.

Figs. 2 and 3 are sectional views at the lines IIH and TIL-III inFig. 1respectively. f

Fig. 4:,- in the same section as Fig. 2, shows modified embodiment ofinvention and the mounting of the apparatus on the lid of a milk can,and p i Fig. 5 shows a top plan view of Fig. 45

i drawn to a somewhat smallerscale.

Referring to the Figures; 1-3 the pulsator consists of a housing Iprovided with a removable bottom cover or base plate 7v Intemat'he'housing' 1- is provided with: tWo'par-f member, and a: low pressureoutlet 7 foam ing a seat for the under side of said valve member Thehigh pressure inlets 6 stand in permanent communication with theatmosphere, or generally with the source oi": higher pressure, wherebythe top closing cap 8 is provided with a suitable number of holes 9 forsuchpurpose, and the low pressure outlets 7 by means of suitable boresstand in permanent communication with the source of low pressure, whichin this instance can be considered consisting of avacuum pipe 1O(compare especially Fig; 3). At a level between the high pressure inletand the low l pressure outlet each of the valve chambers 3 by means ofsuitable channels (as-indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1) stands inconnection with a piping 11 11 leading to the machine to be driven, andin case ofmilking-machines said pipings 11 are connected with the teatcups. 5

The constructional parts described above .are previously 'known and formtheselves no chara-cteristical feature of the invention.

It is the main object of the invention to provide for aresilient closingpressure, which actsupon the valve members throughout the closingperiods of the same, and it will be unv derstood from the following thatsaid closing pressure is gradually increased up to that moment in whichthe instantaneous reversal Q of the valve members takes place.

Each of the valve spindles 5 is hingedly connected with a crank lever12, and the tWo crank levers concerned are aflixed to, or carried out inone piece with,- a sleeve-shaped member 13 supported by a bearing pin'14. Thecrank levers extend towards opposite sidesfrelatively to thebearing pin, and consequently one valve member will movetup- Wardly forclosing the correspondinghigh F pressure inlet when the. other movesdown for closing the low pressureoutlet,; and vice versa.;

At theilower e-nd, the housing lgis provided with a diaphragm; the edgesof which are preferably secured'by means of the base plate 2, whichmeans of a suitable screw connection (not shown) is aifix'ed to theunder side of the housing. Atthesides-facirig each other, the housing 1and the base plate 2 are parts. The chamber part at hand above thediaphragm stands in communication with the atmosphere, and the chamberpart below the diaphragm by means of a channel 1? (Fig. 2) standsincommunication with one of the valve chambers 3. I

The diaphragm is connected with an upwardly extending guiding spindle 18guided in a corresponding bore within the housing 1, and the under sideof the diaphragm is acted upon in an upward direction by means of aspring 19. Further the diaphragm, suitably by the intermediary ofthespindle 18, is connected with a downwardly extending piston rod 20,the lower end of which carries a dash-pot piston 21 reciprocably mountedwithin a corresponding cylinder '22 formed within the base plate 2 andclosed by means of a suitable cover 23. The upper end of the cylinder22is also provided with a bottom serving as an abutment forlimiting thetravel of the dash-pot piston in an upward direction, an adjustment ofthe amount of travel in that direction being providedior in such amanner that the piston rod is carried out in the form of a screw whichmay, more or less, be screwed into a corresponding threaded bore in thespindle 18. The spindle 18 is connected to the centre of the diaphragmby means of flanges and a nut for pressing such flanges together in amanner easily understood from Fig. 2. c l r The spindle 18 is connectedwith an upstanding leaf spring 24, the upper free endof which isprovided with a triangular head 25, which by means of the spring actionis permanently pressed towards the central axis of the apparatus, 1. 0.towards the bearing pm 14. One edge of said head is facing inwardly andpositioned in the path of movement of a roll 26 or thelike antifrictiondevice supported by a suitable bearing pin affixed tion above that thespring 2% tending to press the head 25 inwardly, duetolthe triangularshape of said head, will also'tend to press the roll 26 downwardly inthe position of the parts shown in Fig. 2, and after reversal of thevalve members the opposite face of the head 25 will tend to press theroll 26 upwardly in the same manner. This upward and downward pressureon the roll 26 will cause a corresponding pressure on the valve membersagainst their seats, and itwill'be understood that this closing pressureacting upon the valves will be increased towards the moment of reversal,since the head 26 moves up and down together with the diaphragm andthereby the head is pressed outwardly on account of contactagainst theroll 26, the reversal taking place just when the working edge of thehead passes the extreme outer generatrix of the roll. I

Themanner of action is as follows W hen assuming that the constructionalparts are in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the vacuum at hand inthe pipe 10 by means of the right hand valve l in Fig. 3 (same as thevalve shown in: Fig. 2) is transmitted to the corresponding pipe 11, theother pipe 11 by meansof the other valve being in communication with theatmosphere. By the channel 17 the right hand valve chamber is also incommunication with the space beneath the diaphragm 15, and therefore avacuum is also created in said space. Oonsequently'the diaphragm movesdown, and when the working ed ge of the head 25 passes the outer generatrix of the roll 26 the crank levers 12 are instantaneously tiltedinto a reverse position due to the action. of the spring 24, so that thevalves 4 are reversed. Then the right hand valve closes towards thevacuum pipe and opens to the atmosphere, and thereby the atmosphericpressure by means of the channel 17 is introduced intothe space beneaththe diaphragm, simultaneously as. the pressure conditions within thepipes '11 are reversed. hen admitting the atmospheric pressure beneaththe diaphragm, the spring 19 moves the same .upwardly,'and thereby thehead 25 is also raised until it passes the outer generatric of the roll26 again, at which point'another reversal of the valves takes place, and

so on. j V

As to the dash-potmechanism described, the main'object oi ithesame is toprevent the apparatus from .rushing, or in other words to obtain toogreat a frequency of pulsations. It has been found in practice, that theknown pulsators are not quite safe in that respect, and in manyinstances a rather small variation of the pressures employed, i. e. anincrease of the'vacuum, will cause the rushing of the pulsator.Especially in combination with milking-machines, such rushing of thepulsator has a 1 very dangerous and injurious elfect on the udders ofthe cows and must positively be prevented.

On the other hand the dash-pot has for its secondary object to make itpossible, if desired, to vary the frequency of the pulsations. As far as.milking-machines are concerned; the frequency need generally not to hevaried, when once adjusted, but thepulsator according to the inventionisnot limited to the use in combination with milking machines only, ashinted at above, and in other combinations thepossibility of variationmay be useful. Then, the; variation may be performed in the usualmanner'by enlarging or diminishing the free open area of the channelmeans interconnecting the cyclinder chambers at oppositesides of thedash-pot piston. The means used for such purpose are well known in theart and need no de scription in this connection; f

Finallyit is also to be understood, that the retarding efiect of thedash-pot will have no influence on the instantaneous reversal of thevalve positions, and it can neither relieve i the closing pressuretransmitted to the valves from the spring 24:.

In the embodiment of invention shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the samereference letters are used on corresponding parts of construction. Theconstruction of the apparatus itself is substantially the same asdescribed above, but a difference is to be found therein that thechannel 17 in the housing 1 communicates with an annular groove 17provided in the base plate and connected with the space below thediaphragm 15 by means of one or more radial bores 17 The main differenceis that the parts of the apparatus are not screwed together but simplyplaced in contact with each other, whereby they are pressed together bymeans of a spring washer abutting against the handle of the milk can lidon which the apparatus is mounted.

cup-shaped recess A of such a cross sectional,

shape that the bottom end of the pulsator can be inserted therein. Thebottom end of 7 the dash-pot cylinder 22 is open, and the part A forms acontainer around the same, which container 1s in permanent communicationwith the cylinder 22.

When mounting the apparatus on the can lid, the recess therein is partlyfilled with a dash-pot fluid, which in this instance preferably consistsof water. The parts of the apparatus, i. e. the base plate, the housingand the top closing cap, are placed in contact with each other,whereafter the whole assembly is inserted in the recess A and it is tobe noted that said recess is of such a depth that the lower end of thehousing is partly submer ed therein. Thereafter the spring washer isplaced on the top closing cap, for which purpose the washer ispreferably provided with a hole surrounding an upstanding portion ofsaid cap, and the position at first assumed by the washer is in an angleto that shown in Fig. 5. Thereafter the washer is turned, so that theends of the same enter below the abutments B and for ensuring a rigidconnection the ends of the spring washer C are somewhat recessed asshown at. C, so that the washer cannot by inadvertency be turned looseagain. Other securing means may, of course, also be used, but theresiliency of the washer is suflicient in most cases. A packing alieamasuuper i as l ia i is suitably interposed between the under side ofthe base plate and a corresponding .Ofiset portion'ofthe recess r-A asshown in Fig. i.

It will easily be understood, that by the means just describedtheapparatus may easily be mounted and? dismounted, and after dis mounting,the par-ts of the same maybe laid apart for the. purpose of adjustmentand inspection.- The dash pot fluid w'illnot be removed simultaneouslywith the apparatus, and it remains in the recess A wherein it may berenewed if desired. Since the clashpot fluid ist-hus laidopen at thedismounting of theapparatus, itmay preferably consist of clean water, soas not to add any impurities to the milk'in case it should. come incontact with the latter. The dash-pot fluid in the embodiment-accordingto Figs. Qand 3 need not beof'such a kind and may consist of an oil, asusual. 1

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentis 1. In a pulsatorof the character described, two valve members positioned in separatevalve chambers provided each witha. high pressure inlet anda lowpressure outlet and adapted-"alternately to close said inlet; and outletrespectively, interconnection means between the 'valve members andcontrolling them so that they take a reverse position in their chambers,a diaphragm subjected at V one'side-to the lower pressure, spring meansactingupon the diaphragm in opposition the higher pressure, means forintermlttent- 1y subjecting the opposite side'of the diaphragm to thelower pressure, a leaf spring 7 connected with the diaphragm, atriangular head carried by. the free end ofsaidleai' spring, anantitriction'means connected with the. inter-connection means betweenthe valves and positioned the path of movementof the-saidtri'angularhead, and das'hpot means connected with the diaphragm and adapted forcontrolling the action of the leaf spring causing the reversal, of thevalves by theintermediary of saida-nti'triction means.

2 In a pulsator'of the character described, a housing for supportingsubstantially all of the movable f members: of the: pulsation mechanism,a. top closing cap positioned at the upper end of the housing andprovided w th means for establishing a permanentcom 'munication betweenthe atmosphere and the interior of said housing, a: base plate; pesitioned at the lower. end of the;.-housing; and formmg an air tightcovei" t-hereon,,a. can

"lid provide d with an exterior. r'ece'ssi-fior tak ing up the. lowerpart ofthe-pulsartor, :1; Iran dleiafltxed to said can: lidar'idprovided with abutments, and .aspr-i-ng; w'asher means ed by its centralportion; to press on the; top closingcap when" the ends cf. the washer:are placed in contaetwith said abutments. I 3 I a;pulsaator.atthecharacter d movable members of the 1 pulsation mechanism, a perforatedtop closing cap positioned at the upper end of said housing, acbaseplate positioned at the lower end of thehousing and. forming an airtight cover thereon, a dash-pot cylinder provided in said base plate andopen to the lower face of the same, a V

. and provided with abutments, and a spring washer means adapted byitscentral portion to press on the top closing cap when the endsofthewasher are'placed in contact with said abutments. I v

4. In a pulsator of the character described, a housing supportingsubstantially all of the movable members of the pulsation mechanism, aperforated top closing cap freely resting on the upper end of saidhousing, a base plate placed freely'in contact with'the under side ofthe housing without being secured thereto, a dash-pot cylinder providedinsaid base plate and adapted for coaction means being also adaptedtoexert a closing pressure onrboth of the valves when they are changedover into. the position for closing the high pressure inlet, and meansfor preventing the valves from taking an intermediate position. 1 V

6. In' a pulsator according toclaim 5, dashpot means connected with thediaphragm and adapted to controlthe action of the spring means forcausing the sudden reversal of the valves.

. GUSTAF EMIL J oNs'soN;

with a dash-pot piston connected with the movable members of theapparatus, a diaphragm positioned between the housing and i the baseplate and connected with means for causing the reversal of the valves ofthe pulsator, acan lid provided with an exterior recess for taking upthe base plate and a portion 'ofthe lower end of the housing, a handleatlixed to said can lid and provided with abutments, and a spring washerme'ans'adapted by its central portion to press on the top closing capwhen the ends of the washer are placed in contact with saidpabutments.

5. In a pulsator of the character described, a valve housing, twovalvechambers in said housing, each provided with a high pressure inletand a low pressure outlet, a valve mem-V ber in each chamberreciprocably mounted between the high pressure inlet and low prescureoutlet therein and adapted alternately for closing either of them,mechanical inter- 7. connection means between the valve members 9 saidpressure, means for intermittently subjecting the oppositeside of thediaphragm to thelower pressure,-springfmeans actuated by the diaphragmfor causing a sudden reversal ofthe valve-positions, such spring

